Introduction To Computer Graphics

What is Computer Graphic?
• the term "computer graphic" was coined in 1960 by William Fetter
• to describe new methods he was pursuing at Boeing
• mean the creation, storage and manipulation of model and images; all generated by computer
• computer graphic are picture or images generated by computer.

Modelling And Rendering

• modelling: develop a mathematical representation of any 3D surface of object.
• method: implicit func. ; polygon mesh; splines; metaballs
• representing a scene or object in a format that can be stored in computer memory
• rendering: give final appearance to the model; 2D to 3D; technique=raytracing

metaballs

4 Main Task:

1. Imaging: representing 2D Images
2. Modelling: creating and representing the geometry of object in the 3D world
3. Rendering: constructing 2D images from 3D model
4. Animation: describing how objects change in time

Computer Graphic Tool

• Hardware Tool: video monitor; graphic cards; data gloves; graphic tablet
• Software Tools: OpenGL; write program to create images
• Software For CGI Animation: 3Dstudio Max/ Maya/ Blender

Where CGI (computer graphic interface) are used?

• computer games; movie production; animation and special effect; slide, book, megazine design

• monitoring a process: air traffic control system

• simulations: flight simulator

• computer aided design(CAD)

Element of Computer Graphic System
• processor; memory; frame buffer(memory store of pixel)
• input device; output devices(CRT)

Transformation: encoded as 4x4 matrix

Clipping: limited field of view so cut geometry against the clippilng rectangle

Projection: flatten object from 3D to 2D

Rasterization: (scan conversion): covert geometry primitives(lines, polygon) to pixel